Believing it wise to approach from the least likely side, the group attacked from the east, sailing to Rhode Island’s Narragansett Bay and marching west with a force of about 400 Narragansetts looking on. These tensions escalated the following spring into the great Pequot War of 1637, during which about 130 European settlers from the Connecticut River towns, along with 70 allied Mohegans, developed a plan to destroy their enemy. The Pequots continued to strike, attacking and murdering several Wethersfield families during the winter of 1636-1637 and unsuccessfully attempting to establish a warring pact with their neighbors, the formidable Narragansett Indians of nearby Aquidneck Island. They further raised the ire of the settlers when they killed the respected explorer John Oldham off the coast of Block Island in 1636, an act that led to immediate reprisals in the form of burnings and raids by English troops. In the 1630s the Pequots killed a pair of British merchants whom they encountered sailing up the Connecticut River on a trading mission. This warlike mentality quickly led to their near-extinction as colonists killed them and even turned friendlier tribes, such as the Narragansetts and the Connecticut Mohegans, against them. Photo courtesy of the Tomaquag Museum.Īmong the five, the Pequots-who lived mostly in what is now southeastern Connecticut but also in southwestern Rhode Island-exercised the greatest degree of autonomy and defiance of the settlers. The museum is operated by the Narragansett Tribe. Learn more about Indigenous culture and arts (both historic and contemporary) at the Tomaquag Museum in Exeter. However, it only references a digital map, which is likely the Philips Academy example that has been digitized by the Boston Public Library.When Europeans first began to explore what is now Rhode Island in the 1500s, there were five indigenous groups living here: the Pequots, the Nipmucs, the Niantics, the Narragansetts, and the Wampanoags. An OCLC reference exists for this map as well. Knafel Map Collection at Philips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. Publication History and CensusThis map was created and printed by the New England Lithographic Company and published by the Old Colony and Newport Railroad c. The New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad acquired the Old Colony trackage rights in 1893 and renamed it the 'Old Colony Division' of the New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad. A steamer between Woods Hole, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket also operated from 1872. Old Colony operated both passenger and freight services, as well as steamship service to New York City. Named after the 'Old Colony,' a reference to Plymouth, its network grew extensively through mergers and acquisitions. The Old Colony RailroadFounded in 1845, the Old Colony Railroad operated in southeastern Massachusetts and parts of Rhode Island until 1893. The Old Colony and Newport Railroad merged with the Cape Cod Railroad on May 1, 1872, and became the Old Colony Railroad on October 1. The Old Colony and Newport finished the line between Fall River and Newport because bureaucratic nonsense from Massachusetts had barred the Newport and Fall River from building in Massachusetts. It came into existence in July 1863 after the Old Colony and Fall River Railroad merged with the Newport and Fall River Railroad. The Old Colony and Newport RailroadThe Old Colony and Newport Railroad existed from 1863 until 1872. An excellent illustration of a steamer occupies part of Long Island Sound to emphasize the ease with which this trip could be made. Red overprinting along in the bottom left quadrant promotes the Old Colony's steamship line between Fall River and New York City. The Cape Cod Railroad is an exception because every stop marked along its route is also identified. Most have circles marking stops, but only a few are labeled. Other connecting railroads, including the Fitchburg Railroad, Cape Cod Railroad, and the Boston and Maine Railroad, appear as thinner black lines. Individual stops are also identified between Braintree and Cohasset, and Braintree and Plymouth. Stops along the Old Colony and Newport are labeled, including Taunton and Fall River. A thick black line connects Boston and Newport and represents the Old Colony and Newport Railroads. The map depicts the region from Bath, Maine, south to Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket and west to Brooklyn and New York City. 1867 New England Lithographic Company railroad map of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Maine highlighting the Old Colony and Newport Railroad. Minnesota - North Dakota - South Dakota.Massachusetts - Connecticut - Rhode Island.
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